Proteinuria

What is proteinuria?

Proteinuria is high levels of protein in the urine. Proteinuria occurs when the kidneys leak too much protein into the urine. Proteinuria can be caused by normal activities such as exercise, a recent illness or standing up throughout the day. However, it can also be a sign of kidney disease or a condition called nephrotic syndrome. 

What are the signs and symptoms of proteinuria?

There are often no physical symptoms of proteinuria. The high levels of protein in the urine can be detected with a urine test. Symptoms of severe proteinuria may include:

• Urine that is foamy or bubbly
• Swelling of the hands, feet, face or abdomen

What are the causes of proteinuria?

Numerous causes of proteinuria exist, and not all kids with it have kidney disease. Your doctor will ask about your child's medical history and may order testing, including a blood draw, to look for kidney disease. Your doctor may ask you to submit repeat urine studies to determine if the proteinuria goes away or remains present. Sometimes, your doctor will order a kidney biopsy to identify the cause better. During a kidney biopsy, a pediatric anesthesiologist will give your child medicine to help their body rest and not feel anything during the procedure, and another doctor will use a needle to take a tiny piece of the kidney to examine under a microscope.

What is the treatment of proteinuria?

Treatment depends on the cause. Proteinuria develops from times of stress that goes away on repeat testing and may not need treatment. Your doctor will help determine a specific plan for your child.