Celiac Disease

What is celiac disease?

Celiac disease is an immune system disorder that is triggered by gluten, a protein in wheat, rye and barley. People with celiac disease cannot properly digest foods that contain gluten, such as pasta and breads. Gluten damages the lining of their intestines, which interferes with absorbing nutrients properly and causes a variety of symptoms, such as stomach pain, nausea and diarrhea.

The symptoms of celiac disease can start any time after your child has started to eat foods with gluten. Some children begin having symptoms as soon as these foods are introduced, and some do not develop symptoms for years. Unlike some food allergies, celiac disease is a lifelong condition that your child will not outgrow. If not treated, celiac disease can damage the intestines and put children at higher risk for other conditions.

What are the signs and symptoms of celiac disease?

The symptoms of celiac disease can vary depending on the child's age. The most common symptoms in babies and young children may including:

• Vomiting
• Bloating
• Poor growth
• Distended stomach
• Irritability
• Diarrhea

Symptoms in older children may include:

• Stomach aches
• Distended stomach
• Constipation
• Diarrhea

Symptoms in teens and young adults may also include:

• Delay in puberty
• Slow or stunted growth
• Weight loss
• Bone or joint aches
• Headaches or migraines
• Mood disorders or panic attacks

What causes celiac disease?

Experts are not sure what causes celiac disease. It does appear to run in families, so there may be a genetic component to it. Children with certain conditions, including diabetes, down syndrome and thyroid disease, are also at higher risk for celiac disease.

How is celiac disease treated?

There is not a cure for celiac disease. The only treatment is to eat a diet that is totally free of gluten for life. Your care team at Arkansas Children's is experienced in treating celiac disease in children. Our team will work with you to help you understand what types of foods are safe for your child to eat and create a diet plan that meets your child's specific nutritional needs.